DRC and Rwanda’s Peace Agreement: M23 Withdrawal in the Balance as U.S. Duality Raises Questions
On September 3, 2025, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda held their second Joint Oversight Committee meeting in Washington, D.C., reaffirming their peace agreement despite delays in implementation. But contradictions—such as Rwanda agreeing to withdraw troops it has long denied deploying, and the U.S. maintaining business ties with Kigali while imposing sanctions—raise deeper questions about accountability and lasting stability.